King Charles I of England issued two royal charters for land in the new world in 1632. One went to Cecil Calvert, second Lord Baltimore, for the Province of Maryland, named for the wife of Charles I. The grant was for land south of the 4oth parallel, west of the Delaware Bay (not river, a distinction which became important), and north of the Potomac River (i.e. north of the Virginia colony). A successful permanent colony was established at St. Marys on Chesapeake Bay in 1634. The second grant went to Sir Edmund Plowden for land east of Delaware Bay (i.e. New Jersey) to be called New Albion. This grant carried the Great Seal of Ireland, not England, and Plowden never established a colony. In ensuing years, after King Charles' head was loped off, the Plowden claim was dismissed. A cartographic record of Plowden and New Albion appeared on the 1650 map of John Farrer.

	1630.1 NOVA ANGLIA, NOVVM BELGIVM ET VIRGINIA by Johannes de Laet (Burden #231). This map shows the coast from 'N. Scotia' to Carolina. The Delaware is given its Dutch name 'Zuyd Rivier' (i.e. South River, the Hudson was Noordt Rivier) and the capes of Delaware Bay are given their present names, 'C. Henlopen' and 'C. May'. The 'Safquefahanough' is shown emptying into Chesapeake Bay. This map can be seen at The Cartographic Creation of New England , and is reproduced in many map histories. A derivative of this map by Jansson appeared in 1636 (Burden #247) and is shown below. Both maps are illustrated at MapForum.Com , Issue 13. The image shown here is from Stokes. This is one of the most important and influential early maps of the northeast.
	1630.2 NOVA VIRGINIAE TABVLA (Burden #226), a copy of Smith's map in the Hondius-Mercator atlas published by Johannes Cloppenburg, Amsterdam. This is a version of the 1628 Kaerius map, called derivative 4 of Smith's map by Verner, and was published in the Atlas Sive Cosmographicae in 1630; the cartouches differ on this map and there is some difference in the placement of names.
	1630.3 NOVA VIRGINIAE TABVLA, from Atlantis Maioris Appendix by Henricus Hondius, another version of Smith's map (Burden #228). There is also an identical map with the imprimatur of Blaeu rather than Hondius reproduced in Portinaro & Knirsch. William Blaeu bought the Jocodus Hondius (Henry's brother) plates in 1629 after Jocodus' death and altered the plate. Verner (in Chapter 4 of Tooley) dates this derivative to 1633 and lists about 40 different states of it published up to 1666.
	1630.4 (Delaware Bay) A manuscript map of Delaware Bay attributed to de Vries is reproduced in Weslager and titled DE ZUID-BAAI IN NIEUW NEDERLAND (The South Bay in New Netherland); the original is in the Dutch archives apparently. The map shows only the lower part of the bay and likely nothing of Pennsylvania, but it is hard to tell. There is a facsimile in H. T. Colenbrander's 1911 edition of de Vries, Korte Historiael... ; this map is listed by Dunlap also dated circa 1630-40. The Korte Historiael ende Journaels aenteyckenvnge... (Short Historical and Journal Notes) by David Pietersz De Vries is a small quarto volume with illustrations published in 1655. See map 1655.2.
	1631.1 (East Coast) Weslager mentions this manuscript map of 1631 by Jean Guerard of Dieppe which identifies 'dellowar bay' but not the river. There is a French website on Jean Guérard Cartographe dieppois ; his maps were recently reproduced in Jean Guerard's Atlas of America found in the Austrian National Library, and the Topkapi Palace Museum Library by Cevat Ulkekul, published by Donence, Istanbul 2004. One sheet shows the east coast from Newfoundland to the Carolinas and is similar to the Champlain maps. The image here is of the Guerard manuscript map reproduced in Stokes where Delaware Bay is identified in upside-down writing.
	1632.1 CARTE DE LA NOUUELLE FRANCE... by Samuel de Champlain from Les Voyages de la Novvelle France Occidentale, dicte Canada published in Paris in 1632 (Burden #237). This was Champlain's last map of New France and definitely includes the Pennsylvania region, unlike his ones from earlier in the century. Niagara Falls is clearly shown and the slight broadening of the river above it could be considered Lake Erie. The Delaware is shown with a number of huts along it indicating villages, and the region is called 'Carantouannais'. This information probably came from a scout named Etienne Brule who explored the Susquehanna in 1615. North of this the Indians are named 'Antouoronons' and 'La nation neutre'. This map is in Fite & Freeman and an image of it can be seen at The Cartographic Creation of New England , an exhibit at the Oscher Map Library. This image is the southwest portion from Winsor.
	1633
	1634
	1635.1 NOVA TERRAE-MARIAE TABULA, T. Cecill sculp: also called LORD BALTIMORE'S MAP (Burden #240). This map is based upon Smith's map and north is to the right. It was made to define the territory given to Cecil Calvert, second Lord Baltimore by Charles I. This is the earliest map to assume an importance in Pennsylvania history because of the boundary dispute with Maryland. The various Lord Baltimores relied upon this map to define their territory. Unfortunately, it shows the 40th parallel too far south at the mouth of the Susquehanna River, which was to their disadvantage. The Maryland grant was the land between the 38th and 40th parallels north of the Potomac River. The map is usually attributed to Jerome Hawley and John Lewger, members of the first settlement at St. Mary's City. It appeared in a promotional tract titled A Relation of Maryland: Together with a Map of the Countrey, The Conditions of Plantation, His Majesties Charter to Lord Baltimore, Translated into English, dated 1635. This was the second pamphlet on Maryland, the first was titled A Relation of the Successful Beginnings of the Lord Baltemore Plantation in Mary-Land, Being an extract of certaine letters written from thence by some of the Adventurers to their Friends in England, dated 1634. It had no map. John Ogilby published another version in 1671 with the 40th parallel moved further north. This image is from a 1909 reproduction by the state, see Mathews. Size: 12 x 15 inches.
	1635.2 NOVA BELGICA ET ANGLIA NOVA. Willem Blaeu published this map of New York and New England (Burden #241) with north at the bottom, which shows the region from 'Niev Engeland' to 'Virginiae'. It repeats the Delaware River names from de Laet's 1630 map and is believed to incorporate information from Block's manuscript map. 'Nova Belgica' was a name applied by some of the earlier Dutch mapmakers to the Dutch colonies on the Hudson at New York. The map is illustrated at MapForum.Com , Issue 13. This very attractive map has often been used as a wall decoration and this image is from a modern reproduction.
	1636.1 NOVA ANGLIA NOVVM BELGIVM ET VIRGINIA AMSTELODAMI, JOHANNES JANSSONIUS EXCUDIT. Pages 441, 442 from the English edition of Gerardi Mercatoris et I. Hondii Atlas published in 1636. According to Burden #247, there were printings in 1636, 1638, 1641, all of the first state and many reprintings up to the 1660's. Burden identifies Latin, French, German, English, Dutch, and Spanish text versions. The full title of the English atlas is Gerardi Mercatoris et I. Hondii Atlas, or, A geographicke description of the regions, countries and kingdomes of the world, through Europe, Asia, Africa, and America, represented by new & exact maps. Translated by Henry Hexham, quarter-maister to the regiment of Colonell Goring Editio ultima, printed at Amsterdam by Henry Hondius, and Iohn Iohnson, Anno 1636. This influential map is derived from the Johannes de Laet map of 1630 which it exploited and made influential. It carries de Laets narrative on the reverse in English and the names on the map are almost identical. There are three known states of this map; this one first published in 1636, the second in 1647 renamed Nova Belgica Et Anglia Nova, and the third published in 1694 by Schenk & Valk. The English text on the verso is titled The Description of New England, and describes the history, topography, wildlife, etc., as well as major towns. McCorkle #636.2. More detail can be seen in this closeup . There are no longitude markings. Scale: 1 inch = 60 miles. Size: 15 x 20 inches.
	1637
	1638
	1639.1 CARTE VANDE SVYDT RIVIER IN NEW NEDERLAND, a manuscript map dated 1639? and held by the Library of Congress, from where this image comes. This map is also reproduced in Snyder. Sometime circa 1630 (the map is dated circa 1629 by Weslager, 1639 by Snyder which is the date followed here) a cartographer of the Dutch West India Company, Joannes Vingboons, produced maps of the Noort Rivier (Hudson, also in the Library of Congress) and Svydt Rivier (Delaware, this map). Delaware Bay and the river north to about Trenton are shown. Several landmarks are identified on the Pennsylvania side which can be seen in this detail .
	1639.2 CARTE VANDE SVYDT RIVIER IN NEW SWEDEN. A later version of the map above, this map appears in a manuscript atlas by Vingboons dated circa 1665 by Wieder on Plate 79, from which the image here comes. NEDERLAND in the title has been replaced by SWEDEN, and landscaping has been added to make the map resemble a bird's eye view map. Since the Swedes began settlement around 1638, this map must date 1639 or later and the map above 1638 or earlier. There are two distinct manuscript versions of these Vingboons maps (and the two maps below), one set held by the Library of Congress and one reproduced in Wieder.
	1639.3 PASCAERT VAN NIEUW NEDERLANDT, VIRGINIA, ENDE NIEIUW ENGELANDT, VERTHONENDE ALLES WAT VAN DIE LANDEN BY SEE OFT BY LAND IS ONDECT OFT BEKENT, attributed to Vingboons like the map above and from the same manuscript atlas. The map appears in Wieder's Monumenta Cartographica on Plate 77, dated circa 1665, which is the image shown here. Dunlap includes this map in his checklist of Delaware maps dated 1639. This is a manuscript facsimile of a map originally attributed to Minuet which no longer exists. Sometime circa 1630-34, Peter Minuet prepared a manuscript map of New Netherland, which was one of the earliest maps to attempt a layout of the Hudson, Delaware, and Susquehanna Rivers. This map formed the basis for later manuscript copies. Another manuscript facsimile is in the Library of Congress, see the map below.
	1639.4 PASCAERT VAN NIEUW NEDERLANDT, VIRGINIA, ENDE NIEIUW ENGELANDT, VERTHONENDE ALLES WAT VAN DIE LANDEN BY SEE OFT BY LAND IS ONDECT OFT BEKENT, also attributed to Vingboons and dated 1639?, this is another, and somewhat different, pen and ink watercolor manuscript copy of the Minuet map held by the Library of Congress, from where this image comes. This map is also reproduced in Stokes and dated circa 1660. The Pennsylvania area can be seen in this detail . As mentioned above, there appear to be two distinct manuscript versions of these maps, both attributed to Vingboons, believed to be copies of a circa 1630 map of Minuet.